FIRST STEPS
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Subjects and objects Latin is an inflected language. This means that the final syllable(s) of a word can vary according to the way the word is being used in the sentence:
Mulus silvam spectat. The mule is watching the wood. Here the mule is doing the watching, the wood is being watched. The
mule is the subject of the sentence, the wood the object, the difference
being that the subject is the ‘doer’, the object is on the receiving end
and is ‘done to’. Latin makes this clear by having different endings for
subject and object.
Mulum silva spectat.
Today the milkman delivered ...... ['bottles of milk' is the anticipated object, 'the post' would come as a surprise and 'twins' even more so]. Latin has us predicting the action, not the object: Today the milkman ... two pints of milk ... ['delivered' is what we are expecting, ahead of 'stole' or 'threw at the boy on the skateboard']. Paulus
in silva
amat
likes, loves; ambulat
walks, is walking; cum
with, in the company of; est
is; et
and; fessus
tired;
in
in, on; lentus
slow; mulus, mulum,
mulo mule; non
not; Paulus,
; aulum, Paulo
Paul; portat
carries, is carrying; sarcina,
sarcinam
bag; sed
but; silva, silvam
wood; spectat
watches, is watching; territus
scared.
This is taken from the first pages of Teach Yourself Beginner's Latin
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